サルの種類：330種以上、旧世界と新世界

Types of Monkeys: 330+ Species, Old World vs New World Skip to content Monkeys are broadly classified into two main types, Old World monkeys and New World monkeys , based on their physical traits, habitats, and evolutionary history. With more than 330 species found across tropical regions of the world, these groups include everything from ground dwelling baboons in Africa to tree living spider monkeys in the Amazon. Monkeys belong to the primate order, a group of mammals that also includes apes, lemurs, and tarsiers. Within this order, monkeys represent a major branch that evolved distinct physical traits and behaviors, setting them apart from other primates. Main Types of Monkeys Monkeys are classified into two main types based on their anatomy, geographic distribution, and evolutionary lineage. Understanding these two groups makes it easier to identify and compare monkey species across the world. What are the main types of monkeys? The two main types of monkeys are: Old World monkeys New World monkeys Old World monkeys are found in Africa and Asia, while New World monkeys live in Central and South America. For a detailed comparison, see: Old World Monkeys Vs. New World Monkeys Old World and New World monkeys are two types of monkeys within Primates. Explore all differences between them from all aspects here. Read more List of Common Monkey Types While there are hundreds of monkey species, most belong to a few well known groups that people commonly refer to when talking about types of monkeys. The list below highlights the most recognizable and widely studied monkey groups. Macaques Macaques are one of the most widespread monkey groups and are found across Asia and parts of North Africa. They are adaptable and often live close to humans. Baboons Baboons are large monkeys that spend much of their time on the ground. They live in African savannas and have complex social structures. Spider Monkeys Spider monkeys are known for their long limbs and strong tails that help them move easily through forest canopies. They are fast and highly agile. Capuchin Monkeys Capuchins are highly intelligent monkeys known for their problem solving skills and ability to use tools. They are commonly found in forests across Central and South America. Howler Monkeys Howler monkeys are famous for their loud calls, which can travel long distances through dense forests. They are among the largest monkeys in the Americas. Marmosets Marmosets are tiny monkeys that move quickly through trees. The pygmy marmoset is the smallest monkey in the world. Tamarins Tamarins are small monkeys with distinctive facial features such as mustache like hair. They are social animals that live in groups in tropical forests. Squirrel Monkeys Squirrel monkeys are small, active monkeys with large eyes and quick movements. They are commonly found in tropical forests of Central and South America. Langurs Langurs are medium to large monkeys found in Asia. They are known for their long tails and plant based diet. Colobus Monkeys Colobus monkeys are leaf eating monkeys known for their long tails and striking black and white coloring. They are found mainly in African forests. Complete List of Monkey Species Monkeys are listed alphabetically below. Each section shows a few examples, with links to full lists for each letter. Monkeys Starting with A Agile Mangabey Allen’s Swamp Monkey Alta Floresta Titi Amazon Black Howler Andean Night Monkey Andean Saddle-back Tamarin View all monkeys starting with A → Monkeys Starting with B Bald Uakari Bale Monkey Banded Langur Barbara Brown’s Titi Barbary Macaque Bare-eared Squirrel Monkey View all monkeys starting with B → Monkeys Starting with C Campbell’s Mona Monkey Capped Langur Caquetá Titi Cat Ba Langur Cazuza’s Saki Central American Squirrel Monkey View all monkeys starting with C → Monkeys Starting with D De Brazza’s Monkey Delacour’s Langur Dent’s Mona Monkey Diana Monkey Drill Dryas Monkey View all monkeys starting with D → Monkeys Starting with E East Javan Langur East Sumatran Banded Langur Eastern Black-handed Tamarin Eastern Pygmy Marmoset Ecuadorian Capuchin Ecuadorian Squirrel Monkey View all monkeys starting with E → Monkeys Starting with F Foa’s Red Colobus Formosan Rock Macaque François’ Langur View all monkeys starting with F → Monkeys Starting with G Gabon Talapoin Gee’s Golden Langur Gelada Geoffroy’s Monk Saki Geoffroy’s Saddleback Tamarin Geoffroy’s Spider Monkey View all monkeys starting with G → Monkeys Starting with H Hairy Saki Hamadryas Baboon Hamlyn’s Monkey Hatinh Langur Heck’s Macaque Hershkovitz’s Marmoset View all monkeys starting with H → Monkeys Starting with I Illiger’s Saddle-Back Tamarin Indochinese Black Langur Indochinese Grey Langur Isabel’s Saki View all monkeys starting with I → Monkeys Starting with J Japanese Macaque Javan Surili View all monkeys starting with J → Monkeys Starting with K Kaapori Capuchin Kashmir Gray Langur Kinda Baboon King Colobus View all monkeys starting with K → Monkeys Starting with L Lake Baptista Titi Lang’s Red Colobus Laotian Langur Lesser Spotted-Nosed Monkey Lesson’s Saddle-Back Tamarin Lesula View all monkeys starting with L → Monkeys Starting with M Madidi Titi Malbrouck Mandrill Mantled Guereza Mantled Howler Monkey Maranhão Red-Handed Howler View all monkeys starting with M → Monkeys Starting with N Nancy Ma’s Night Monkey Napo Saki Natuna Island Surili Neblina Uakari Nepal Gray Langur Niger Delta Red Colobus View all monkeys starting with N → Monkeys Starting with O Olive Baboon Olive Colobus Ollala Brothers’ Titi Ornate Titi Oustalet’s Red Colobus View all monkeys starting with O → Monkeys Starting with P Pagai Island Macaque Pale-Thighed Langur Panamanian Night Monkey Panamanian White-faced Capuchin Parecis Titi Patas Monkey View all monkeys starting with P → Monkeys Starting with R Red Howler Monkey Red-backed Bearded Saki Red-bellied Monkey Red-bellied Titi Red-Chested Mustached Tamarin Red-eared Guenon View all monkeys starting with R → Monkeys Starting with S Saban Grizzled Langur Sanje Mangabey Santa Marta White-fronted Capuchin Santarem Marmoset Satéré Marmoset Schmidt’s Red-tailed Monkey View all monkeys starting with S → Monkeys Starting with T Tana River Mangabey Tana River Red Colobus Tantalus Monkey Tarai Gray Langur Tenasserim Langur Thollon’s Red Colobus View all monkeys starting with T → Monkeys Starting with U Udzungwa Red Colobus Ulindi River Red Colobus Ursine Colobus Ursine Howler Urubamba Brown Titi Uta Hick’s Bearded Saki View all monkeys starting with U → Monkeys Starting with V Vanzolini’s Bald-faced Saki Varied White-fronted Capuchin Variegated Spider Monkey Vervet Monkey Vieira’s Titi View all monkeys starting with V → Monkeys Starting with W Weddell’s Saddle-Back Tamarin Weeping Capuchin West Javan Langur Western Red Colobus White Marmoset White-bellied Spider Monkey View all monkeys starting with W → Monkeys Starting with Y Yellow Baboon Yucatan Black Howler View all monkeys starting with Y → Monkeys Starting with Z Zanzibar Red Colobus View all monkeys starting with Z → Are Gorillas Monkeys? Not all primates are monkeys! It’s crucial to note that while all monkeys are primates , not all primates are monkeys. Prosimians (including lemurs , lorises, and tarsiers) and apes (both great and lesser) are distinct groups within the primate order and are not classified as monkeys. This common misconception often leads to confusion, but understanding these distinctions is key to appreciating the diversity of the primate family tree. Classification of Primates Here are 4 major types of primate and their characteristics: Prosimians The earliest primates that roamed the earth about 25 million years before monkeys evolved were Prosimians, meaning “pre-monkeys” or “proto-primates”. These prosimian species live today, including lemurs, lorises, tarsiers, aye-aye, and bush babies. The prosimians were classified into order Primates mainly because their hands with flexible fingers and opposable thumbs made it possible to fetch things up. Most prosimians rely heavily on a sense of smell for communication and finding food. With the tarsier, eyesight has become more critical as it can swivel its head 180 degrees in each direction. On the other hand, the apes and monkeys rely primarily on their sight. Today, Prosimians live in some parts of Asia and Africa, especially Madagascar. No prosimian species are found in the Americas or Australia. Old World Monkeys Old World Monkeys are a mixed group of primates with varied body sizes (medium to large-sized), habitats, diets, social behaviors, and anatomical differences. All Old World monkeys are classified under two families: Cercopithecinae and Colobinae . Unique characteristics-wise, Old World monkeys have downward-pointing nostrils, tend to stay mainly on the ground than trees (non-arboreal), and have a simple digestive system with cheek pouches for plant matters. Also, these primates have a tail which makes them different from apes. The Old World monkeys hail from various countries in South and East Asia, the Middle East, and Africa, except for Madagascar. New World Monkeys New World monkeys are a varied group of small to medium-sized arboreal (i.e., living on trees) primates. These primates are restricted to the tropical forests of Southern Mexico and Central and Latin America. Taxonomically, New World monkeys are classified into two prominent families Cebidae and Callitricidae . Exclusive attributes-wise, these kinds of monkeys are primarily herbivores, twin births, and no-cheek-pouches unlike Old World counterparts, and some have a prehensile tail (Spider monkeys). Apes Apes are another clade of old World monkeys collectively called Hominoidea , native to Africa and Southeast Asian countries. Apes do not have tails (except L’Hoest monkey – a great ape) due to the mutation of the TXBT [4] gene cell. Also, apes cannot perform brachiation (arm swinging in the arboreal movements on tree tops, unlike