「before」の定義 - The Free Dictionaryによる

Before - definition of before by The Free Dictionary Before - definition of before by The Free Dictionary https://www.thefreedictionary.com/before Printer Friendly before Also found in: Thesaurus , Acronyms , Idioms . Related to before: after be·fore (bĭ-fôr′) adv. 1. Earlier in time: They called me the day before. 2. In front; ahead. prep. 1. Previous to in time; earlier than. 2. In front of. 3. In store for; awaiting: The young man's whole life lies before him. 4. Into or in the presence of: She asked that the visitor be brought before her. 5. Under the consideration or jurisdiction of: The case is now before the court. 6. In a position superior to: The prince is before his brother in the line of succession. conj. 1. In advance of the time when: See me before you leave. 2. Rather than; sooner than: I will die before I will betray my country. [Middle English bifore , from Old English beforan ; see per in Indo-European roots .] American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fifth Edition. Copyright © 2016 by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved. before ( bɪˈfɔː ) conj ( subordinating ) 1. earlier than the time when 2. rather than: he'll resign before he agrees to it . prep 3. preceding in space or time; in front of; ahead of: standing before the altar . 4. when confronted by: to withdraw before one's enemies . 5. in the presence of: to be brought before a judge . 6. in preference to: to put friendship before money . adv at an earlier time; previously; beforehand; in front [Old English beforan ; related to Old Frisian befara , Old High German bifora ] Collins English Dictionary – Complete and Unabridged, 12th Edition 2014 © HarperCollins Publishers 1991, 1994, 1998, 2000, 2003, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2011, 2014 be•fore (bɪˈfɔr, -ˈfoʊr) prep. 1. previous to; earlier than: Call me before noon. 2. in front or ahead of: She stood before the window. 3. awaiting: The golden age is before us. 4. in preference to; rather than: They would die before surrendering. 5. in precedence of, as in order or rank: We put freedom before wealth. 6. in the presence or sight of: to appear before an audience. 7. under the consideration or jurisdiction of: summoned before a magistrate. 8. in the face of: Before such wild accusations, he was speechless. 9. in the regard of: a crime before God and humanity. adv. 10. in time preceding; previously: We've met before. 11. earlier or sooner. 12. in front; in advance; ahead. conj. 13. previous to the time when: See me before you go. 14. sooner than; rather than: I will die before I submit. [before 1000; Middle English beforen, Old English beforan = be by 1 + foran before (derivative of fore fore 1 ] Random House Kernerman Webster's College Dictionary, © 2010 K Dictionaries Ltd. Copyright 2005, 1997, 1991 by Random House, Inc. All rights reserved. before 1. talking about time If something happens before a time or event, it happens earlier than that time or event. We arrived just before two o'clock. Before the First World War, farmers used horses instead of tractors. You also use before when you are talking about the past and you want to refer to an earlier period of time. For example, if you are describing events that took place in 2010, you refer to 2009 as 'the year before '. They had met in Bonn the weekend before . They had forgotten the argument of the night before . You use before last to refer to a period of time that came before the last one of its kind. For example, if today is Wednesday 18th September, you refer to Friday 13th September as 'last Friday', and Friday 6th September as 'the Friday before last '. We met them on a camping holiday the year before last . I have not slept since the night before last . 2. talking about position Before is sometimes used to mean in front of '. This is a formal or old-fashioned use. It is more common to use in front of with the same meaning. He stood before the door leading to the cellar. She stood in front of a mirror, combing her hair. You use before or in front of when you are talking about the order in which things appear in speech or writing. For example, if you are describing the spelling of the word 'friend', you can say that the letter 'i' comes before or in front of the letter 'e'. If you are giving someone directions, and you say that one place is a certain distance before another place, you mean that they will come to the first place first. Don't use 'in front of' with this meaning. The turning is about two kilometres before the roundabout. Collins COBUILD English Usage © HarperCollins Publishers 1992, 2004, 2011, 2012 Thesaurus Antonyms Related Words Synonyms Legend: Switch to new thesaurus Adv. 1. before - earlier in time; previously; "I had known her before"; "as I said before"; "he called me the day before but your call had come even earlier"; "her parents had died four years earlier"; "I mentioned that problem earlier" earlier 2. before - at or in the front; "I see the lights of a town ahead"; "the road ahead is foggy"; "staring straight ahead"; "we couldn't see over the heads of the people in front"; "with the cross of Jesus marching on before" ahead , in front Based on WordNet 3.0, Farlex clipart collection. © 2003-2012 Princeton University, Farlex Inc. before preposition 1. earlier than , ahead of , prior to , in advance of , B4 (S.M.S.) Annie was born a few weeks before Christmas. earlier than after , following , succeeding 2. ahead of , in front of , in advance of , to the fore of They stopped before a large white villa. 3. in front of , in the presence of , before the eyes of The Government will appear before the committee. 4. ahead of , in front of , in advance of I saw before me an idyllic life. 5. in preference to , over , rather than , above , instead of , sooner than , over and above Her husband, her children, and the Church come before her needs. adverb 1. previously , earlier , sooner , in advance , formerly , B4 (S.M.S.) The war had ended only a month or so before. previously after , later , afterwards , subsequently , thereafter 2. in the past , earlier , once , previously , formerly , at one time , hitherto , beforehand , B4 (S.M.S.) , a while ago , heretofore , in days or years gone by I've been here before. Related words prefixes ante- , fore- , pre- Collins Thesaurus of the English Language – Complete and Unabridged 2nd Edition. 2002 © HarperCollins Publishers 1995, 2002 before adverb 1. At a time in the past: already , earlier , erstwhile , formerly , once , previously . Archaic: aforetime , beforetime . 2. Up to this time: earlier , heretofore , previously , yet . 3. Until then: beforehand , earlier . The American Heritage® Roget's Thesaurus. Copyright © 2013, 2014 by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved. Translations قَبْلَ قَبْلَ ، سابِق لِ قَبْلَ أن قَبْلَ أَنْ مِن قَبْل před předtím dřív než dříve dříve než før foran inden bevor vor zuvor vorher davor προτού ενώπιον πριν πριν από προηγουμένως antes antes que delante (de) delante de antes (de que) ennen aiemmin aikaisemmin edessä ennen kuin avant devant avant que d’avant antérieurement prije ranije pred előtt mielőtt á undan á undan, fremur en áîur áîur en fyrir, áîur prima davanti davanti a innanzi prima che ･･･する前に ･･･の前に 以前に (…보다) 앞에 ...하기 전에 ante pro anksčiau negu prieš priešais verčiau before long drīz drīzāk/ labāk ... nekā iekams iepriekš voor voordat voordien voorheen vroeger før heller enn innen om ikke lenge tidligere przed wcześniej zanim antes antes que dinainte înainte перед прежде до до того как заранее pred prej före innan tidigare förr förrän ก่อน ก่อนที่ daha önce -den ise -den önce/evvel -den/dan önce evvel trước trước đây 以前 在...之前 在...以前 在...前面 与其...宁愿 before [bɪˈfɔːʳ] When before is an element in a phrasal verb, eg come before , go before , look up the verb. A. PREP 1. ( in time, order, rank ) → antes de before Christ → antes de Cristo the week before last → hace dos semanas before long ( in future ) → antes de poco ; ( in past ) → poco después before going, would you → antes de marcharte, quieres ... income before tax → renta f bruta or antes de impuestos profits before tax → beneficios mpl preimpositivos 2. ( in place ) → delante de ; (= in the presence of ) → ante, delante de , en presencia de they were married before a judge → se casaron en presencia de un juez 3. (= facing ) the question before us ( in meeting ) → el asunto que tenemos que discutir the problem before us is → el problema que se nos plantea es ... the task before us → la tarea que tenemos por delante we still have two hours before us → tenemos todavía dos horas por delante a new life lay before him → una vida nueva se abría ante él 4. (= rather than ) I should choose this one before that → yo escogería éste antes que aquél death before dishonour! → ¡antes la muerte que el deshonor ! B. ADV 1. ( time ) → antes a moment before → un momento antes the day before → el día anterior before, it used to be different → antes, todo era distinto on this occasion and the one before → en esta ocasión y la anterior 2. ( place, order ) → delante , adelante before and behind → por delante y por detrás that chapter and the one before → ese capítulo y el anterior C. CONJ ( time ) → antes de que ; ( rather than ) → antes que BEFORE Time Adverb • When before is an adverb , you can usually translate it using antes : Why didn't you say so before? ¿Por qué no lo has dicho antes? I had spoken to her before Había hablado con ella antes • But the before in never before and ever before is often not translated: I've never been to Spain before Nunca he estado en España I had never been to a police station before Nunca había estado (antes) en una comisaría It's not true that the working class is earning more money than ever before No es cierto que la clase obrera gane más dinero que nunca • The day / night / week before s