教師に聞く：前置詞 'By'

Ask a Teacher: The Preposition 'By' Accessibility links Skip to main content Skip to main Navigation Skip to Search Next Close Previous Next This image contains sensitive content which some people may find offensive or disturbing. Click to reveal Print Options: Images Multimedia Embedded Content Comments Cancel Print Link has been copied to clipboard Follow Us Languages Search Search Previous Next Breaking News Ask a Teacher Ask a Teacher: The Preposition 'By' November 30, 2018 Ask a Teacher: The Preposition 'By' Share Share Copy link Facebook Twitter Telegram WhatsApp Email Share Share Copy link Facebook Twitter Telegram WhatsApp Email Print Embed share Ask a Teacher: The Preposition 'By' by VOA - Voice of America English News Embed share The code has been copied to your clipboard. The URL has been copied to your clipboard No media source currently available 0:00 0:03:14 0:00 Direct link 128 kbps | MP3 64 kbps | MP3 Pop-out player If you can write or speak even just a little English, you have surely used prepositions -- words like "to," "in," "on," "at" and "by." A preposition is a word or group of words that shows direction, location or time. Today on Ask a Teacher, we have a question about one such word. Question: Hi, I'm Frank John from Tanzania. I don’t how know to use "by" in a sentence. – Frank John, Tanzania Answer: Hello Frank! It sounds like you know the meaning of “by” but are unsure of how to use it with other words. Let me try to help! “By” is usually a preposition but sometimes acts as an adverb . It can be used in many ways, but today we will talk about four uses as a preposition and show you where it is placed in a sentence. Close to / Next to Let's start with using “by” to show place or location. When we use "by" this way, it means "close to" "next to" or "beside." Here are two examples. Note that “by” comes before the place. Meet me at the show! I’ll be seated by the door . The university is by the sea . Past a place Now for the second use. When “by” is placed after motion-related verbs -- like "run," "drive," and "walk" -- it often shows movement past a place. Let’s listen: I walked by the river on Sunday. It was a beautiful day! Did you drive by my building today? I thought I saw you. Not later than Another way we use “by” is to talk about time on a clock. When we use it this way, it means “not later than.” The word “by” comes before the time. Have a listen: Your appointment is at 1:00. Please arrive by 12:45 . We should leave by 7:00 to beat the crowds. Alone / Without help The last use we will consider today is about doing something alone or without any help. We make this meaning with “by” followed with a reflexive pronoun, such as "myself" or "yourself." Here are two examples: He moved the heavy table all by himself . I’m sorry, I couldn’t go. Did you go by yourself ? And that’s Ask a Teacher. I’m Alice Bryant. Do you have a question for Ask a Teacher? Write to us in the comments area. And, be sure to tell us what country you are from. Or, tell us some ways that you use "by." _________________________________________________________________ Words in This Story location – n . a position or place adverb – n . a word that is often used to show time, manner, place, or degree reflexive – adj . showing that the action in a sentence happens to the person or thing that does the action Ask a Teacher: The Preposition 'By' Share Share Copy link Facebook Twitter Telegram WhatsApp Email Share Share Copy link Facebook Twitter Telegram WhatsApp Email Print This item is part of Lessons of the Day Ask a Teacher Related Ask a Teacher: Sentence or Statement? Ask a Teacher: Between and Among Ask a Teacher: Well or Good? XS SM MD LG