抽象の定義と意味 - メリアム・ウェブスター

ABSTRACT Definition & Meaning - Merriam-Webster Est. 1828 Dictionary Definition adjective noun verb adjective 3 adjective noun verb Did you know? Synonyms Example Sentences Word History Phrases Containing Rhymes Entries Near Cite this Entry Citation Kids Definition Kids Medical Definition Medical Legal Definition Legal More from M-W Show more Show more Citation Kids Medical Legal More from M-W Save Word To save this word, you'll need to log in. Log In abstract 1 of 3 adjective ab·​stract ab-ˈstrakt ˈab-ˌstrakt Synonyms of abstract Take our 3 question quiz on abstract Simple Definition A Simple Definition is available from our Learner's Dictionary to help you understand the meaning faster. 1 a : relating to or involving general ideas or qualities rather than an actual object, person, etc. abstract concepts such as love and hate Children progress from more concrete to more abstract thinking … — Zach Gottlieb … unlike an individual, a state is an abstract entity with no mind or thoughts. — Amanda Ghahremani et al. b : difficult to understand : abstruse abstract problems Another piece of this that might seem a little abstract is how these drugs actually get into the body. — Julia Sullivan c : insufficiently factual : formal possessed only an abstract right … the Commission correctly observes that an agency may, if authorized by statute, issue an advisory opinion or abstract declaration without regard to the existence of an actual controversy. — Federal Register Take our 3 question quiz on abstract 2 : naming a quality apart from an object the word poem is concrete, poetry is abstract 3 a : dealing with a subject in its theoretical aspects … real-world math … enables better understanding of abstract mathematical concepts when they are introduced later. — Laura Grace Weldon b : impersonal , detached … the abstract compassion of a surgeon … — Time 4 fine arts : relating to or creating art with little or no intent to produce a realistic representation or tell a story : nonobjective abstract painting/sculpture an abstract artist see also abstract expressionism abstractly ab-ˈstrak(t)-lē ˈab-ˌstrak(t)- adverb abstractness ab-ˈstrak(t)-nəs ˈab-ˌstrak(t)- noun Quiz: Which word is closest in meaning to abstract ? abstract 2 of 3 noun ab·​stract ˈab-ˌstrakt in sense 2 also ab-ˈstrakt 1 : a summary or abridgment (as of a book, a scientific article, or a legal document) The findings were presented as an abstract , and therefore have not been … published in full yet. — Isabella Cueto 2 : an abstract thing or state (see abstract entry 1 ) Finance is all about the tension between simplicity and complexity, the material and the abstract . — Sophia Nguyen 3 : an abstract composition or creation in art … these early 20th century abstracts include photographs, paintings and prints … — Anne Dunlap abstract 3 of 3 verb ab·​stract ab-ˈstrakt ˈab-ˌstrakt in sense 3 usually ˈab-ˌstrakt abstracted ; abstracting ; abstracts transitive verb 1 : to make a summary or abstract of : summarize abstract an academic paper Having med students reading charts and abstracting them is just too slow … — Jocelyn Kaiser 2 : to draw away the attention of His imagination had so abstracted him that his name was called twice before he answered. — James Joyce 3 : steal , purloin She abstracted important documents from the safe. 4 : remove , separate abstract water from wells The complexity has been abstracted away, hidden by a more user-friendly interface. — Amit Zavery 5 : to think about or understand by separating general qualities, concepts, etc. from specific objects or instances … they know how it works … and [have] been able to abstract the rules as they go along. — Craig Wright , quoted in Canberra (Australia) Times … for Hegel and his followers, the task of art is to abstract the world into pure concept … — Tom McCarthy intransitive verb : to abstract something … we're able to generalize, to abstract , to see the forest rather than the individual tree. — Viktor Mayer-Schonberger , quoted in Globe & Mail (Toronto, Canada) abstractable ab-ˈstrak-tə-bəl ˈab-ˌstrak- adjective abstractor noun or abstracter ab-ˈstrak-tər ˈab-ˌstrak- Did you know? The Crisscrossing Histories of Abstract and Extract Abstract is most frequently used as an adjective (“abstract ideas”) and a noun (“an abstract of the article”), but its somewhat less common use as a verb in English helps to clarify its Latin roots. The verb abstract is used to mean “summarize,” as in “abstracting an academic paper.” This meaning is a figurative derivative of the verb’s meanings “to remove” or “to separate.” We trace the origins of abstract to the combination of the Latin roots ab- , a prefix meaning “from” or “away,” with the verb trahere , meaning “to pull” or “to draw.” The result was the Latin verb abstrahere , which meant “to remove forcibly” or “to drag away.” Its past participle abstractus had the meanings “removed,” “secluded,” “incorporeal,” and, ultimately, “summarized,” meanings which came to English from Medieval Latin. Interestingly, the word passed from Latin into French with competing spellings as both abstract (closer to the Latin) and abstrait (which reflected the French form of abstrahere , abstraire ), the spelling retained in modern French. The idea of “removing” or “pulling away” connects abstract to extract , which stems from Latin through the combination of trahere with the prefix ex- , meaning “out of” or “away from.” Extract forms a kind of mirror image of abstract : more common as a verb, but also used as a noun and adjective. The adjective, meaning “derived or descended,” is now obsolete, as is a sense of the noun that overlapped with abstract , “summary.” The words intersected and have separated in modern English, but it’s easy to see that abstract applies to something that has been summarized, and summarized means “extracted from a larger work.” Synonyms of abstract Relevance Adjective theoretical metaphysical conceptual Noun summary outline Verb distract divert throw off detract See All Synonyms & Antonyms in Thesaurus Examples of abstract in a Sentence Adjective It is true that the atrocities that were known remained abstract and remote, rarely acquiring the status of knee-buckling knowledge among ordinary Americans. Because the savagery of genocide so defies our everyday experience, many of us failed to wrap our minds around it. — Samantha Power , New York Times Book Review , 14 Mar. 2002 A glance into the classrooms of the Los Angeles public school system … fleshes out the abstract debates with the faces of children. — Jared Diamond , Guns, Germs, and Steel , 1997 I take my photographs and print them on a laser copying machine in the "photo" mode; the resulting image is more stark and abstract than a traditional photographic print, which tends to dominate the page regardless of the text. — Leslie Marmon Silko , Yellow Woman and a Beauty of the Spirit , 1996 abstract ideas such as love and hate “Honesty” is an abstract word. The word “poem” is concrete, the word “poetry” is abstract . Noun an artist admired for his abstracts the scientist wrote a bare-bones abstract of his research and conclusions Verb … artists in the group put the emphasis on geometric abstraction rather than images abstracted from nature. — Robert Atkins , Art Spoke , 1993 … the Romantic project was to abstract from religion its essential "feeling" and leave contemptuously behind its traditional formulations. — Theodore Roszak , The Making of a Counter Culture , 1969 … conscientiously and with great purity made the uncompromising effort to abstract his view of life into an art work … — Norman Mailer , Advertisements for Myself , 1959 … basic esthetic criteria and standards he has abstracted from long intimacy with time-tested masterpieces. — Aline B. Saarinen , New York Times Book Review , 7 Nov. 1954 Data for the study was abstracted from hospital records. personal problems abstracted him so persistently that he struggled to keep his mind on his work See More Recent Examples on the Web Examples are automatically compiled from online sources to show current usage. Read More Opinions expressed in the examples do not represent those of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback . Adjective Without that lived or learned context, the erosion of voting protections can feel abstract rather than urgent. — Miami Herald , 2 May 2026 At the center of the shop is an abstract rendering of a Dragon’s Blood Tree, a plant native to Yemen’s Socotra Island known for its mushroom-like canopy and dark red, blood-like sap. — Carolyn Stein, Chicago Tribune , 1 May 2026 Noun Upstairs, the 49 rooms channel Arts and Crafts style with botanical fabrics, jade-green onyx bathrooms, and a strong showing of Texas artists, including Howard Sherman, whose large-scale abstracts anchor the walls. — Carrie Honaker, Bon Appetit Magazine , 1 May 2026 Some are abstracts , simple and colorful design that stand out brightly from the more complex or realistic pieces. — Christopher Arnott, Hartford Courant , 1 May 2026 Verb This visual vocabulary emerged in The Man at the Tree (1968) and The Wood on Its Head (1969), and later devolved, with his subjects abstracted to the point of pulp. — Tessa Solomon, ARTnews.com , 30 Apr. 2026 Viewed from above, the world became abstracted and patterned—a new sphere of vertical operations. — Simon Denny, Artforum , 20 Apr. 2026 See All Example Sentences for abstract Word History Etymology Adjective Middle English, "withdrawn, removed, abstruse, extracted from a longer work, (of nouns in grammar) not concrete," borrowed from Medieval Latin abstractus "removed, secluded, incorporeal, universal, extracted from a larger work, summarized," going back to Latin, past participle of abstrahere "to remove forcibly, turn aside, divert," from abs- (variant of ab- ab- before c- and t- ) + trahere "to drag, draw, take along," of uncertain origin Note: The etymology of trahere beyond Latin is problematic. It w