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Leg: Anatomy | Concise Medical Knowledge The Lecturio Medical Concept Library Leg: Anatomy Leg: Anatomy The lower leg, or just “leg” in anatomical terms, is the part of the lower limb between the knee and the ankle joint Ankle joint The ankle is a hinged synovial joint formed between the articular surfaces of the distal tibia, distal fibula, and talus. The ankle primarily allows plantar flexion and dorsiflexion of the foot. . The bony structure is composed of the tibia Tibia The second longest bone of the skeleton. It is located on the medial side of the lower leg, articulating with the fibula laterally, the talus distally, and the femur proximally. Knee Joint: Anatomy and fibula bones, which articulate with each other at the proximal and distal tibiofibular Distal tibiofibular Ankle Joint: Anatomy joints. The muscles of the leg are grouped into the anterior, lateral, and posterior compartments by extensions of fascia Fascia Layers of connective tissue of variable thickness. The superficial fascia is found immediately below the skin; the deep fascia invests muscles, nerves, and other organs. Cellulitis and exert their action on the ankle, foot Foot The foot is the terminal portion of the lower limb, whose primary function is to bear weight and facilitate locomotion. The foot comprises 26 bones, including the tarsal bones, metatarsal bones, and phalanges. The bones of the foot form longitudinal and transverse arches and are supported by various muscles, ligaments, and tendons. Foot: Anatomy , and toes. Last updated: Dec 15, 2025 Editorial responsibility: Stanley Oiseth , Lindsay Jones , Evelin Maza Contents Bones and Joints Fascial Compartments Anterior Compartment — Dorsiflexor Muscles Lateral Compartment — Evertor Muscles Posterior Compartment — Flexor Muscles Blood Supply Innervation Clinical Relevance References Share this concept: Bones and Joints Tibia Tibia The second longest bone of the skeleton. It is located on the medial side of the lower leg, articulating with the fibula laterally, the talus distally, and the femur proximally. Knee Joint: Anatomy Medial, weight-bearing bone Bone Bone is a compact type of hardened connective tissue composed of bone cells, membranes, an extracellular mineralized matrix, and central bone marrow. The 2 primary types of bone are compact and spongy. Bones: Structure and Types of the leg Articulates with the femur and fibula proximally and the talus Talus The second largest of the tarsal bones. It articulates with the tibia and fibula to form the ankle joint. Ankle Joint: Anatomy and fibula distally Important landmarks: Tibial condyles: Horizontal proximal surfaces that articulate with the femoral condyles Separated by the lateral and medial intercondylar tubercles Tibial tuberosity: Triangular, superior–anterior area where condyles merge Site of attachment for the patellar tendon Shaft: anterior, lateral, and posterior surfaces Medial malleolus Medial malleolus Ankle Joint: Anatomy : Distal projection Articulates with the talus Talus The second largest of the tarsal bones. It articulates with the tibia and fibula to form the ankle joint. Ankle Joint: Anatomy as part of the ankle Fibula Thin, lateral bone Bone Bone is a compact type of hardened connective tissue composed of bone cells, membranes, an extracellular mineralized matrix, and central bone marrow. The 2 primary types of bone are compact and spongy. Bones: Structure and Types of the leg Articulates with the tibia Tibia The second longest bone of the skeleton. It is located on the medial side of the lower leg, articulating with the fibula laterally, the talus distally, and the femur proximally. Knee Joint: Anatomy proximally and distally and with the talus Talus The second largest of the tarsal bones. It articulates with the tibia and fibula to form the ankle joint. Ankle Joint: Anatomy distally Important landmarks: Head: Serves as the site of attachment for ligaments of the knee Articulates with the tibia Tibia The second longest bone of the skeleton. It is located on the medial side of the lower leg, articulating with the fibula laterally, the talus distally, and the femur proximally. Knee Joint: Anatomy Neck Neck The part of a human or animal body connecting the head to the rest of the body. Peritonsillar Abscess : Narrow The common peroneal nerve Peroneal nerve The lateral of the two terminal branches of the sciatic nerve. The peroneal (or fibular) nerve provides motor and sensory innervation to parts of the leg and foot. Popliteal Fossa: Anatomy wraps around it. Shaft: medial, lateral, and posterior surfaces Lateral malleolus Lateral malleolus Ankle Joint: Anatomy : Distal projection Articulates with the talus Talus The second largest of the tarsal bones. It articulates with the tibia and fibula to form the ankle joint. Ankle Joint: Anatomy as part of the ankle Anterior and posterior views of the tibia, fibula, and tibiofibular joints Image by BioDigital , edited by Lecturio Joints Proximal tibiofibular joint: Arthrodial plane joint between the lateral tibial condyle and the head of the fibula Stabilized by a sturdy capsule Capsule An envelope of loose gel surrounding a bacterial cell which is associated with the virulence of pathogenic bacteria. Some capsules have a well-defined border, whereas others form a slime layer that trails off into the medium. Most capsules consist of relatively simple polysaccharides but there are some bacteria whose capsules are made of polypeptides. Bacteroides and multiple ligaments Distal tibiofibular Distal tibiofibular Ankle Joint: Anatomy joint: Syndesmosis of the distal ends of the fibula and tibia Tibia The second longest bone of the skeleton. It is located on the medial side of the lower leg, articulating with the fibula laterally, the talus distally, and the femur proximally. Knee Joint: Anatomy Stabilized by multiple ligaments and the interosseous membrane Interosseous Membrane A sheet of fibrous connective tissue rich in collagen often linking two parallel bony structures forming a syndesmosis type joint. It provides longitudinal stability, tensile strength, and weight distribution/transfer and may allow limited movement in syndesmoses. Forearm: Anatomy Interosseous membrane Interosseous Membrane A sheet of fibrous connective tissue rich in collagen often linking two parallel bony structures forming a syndesmosis type joint. It provides longitudinal stability, tensile strength, and weight distribution/transfer and may allow limited movement in syndesmoses. Forearm: Anatomy : Fibrous Fibrous Fibrocystic Change tissue directed downward and laterally Connects medial border of the fibula with lateral border of the tibia Tibia The second longest bone of the skeleton. It is located on the medial side of the lower leg, articulating with the fibula laterally, the talus distally, and the femur proximally. Knee Joint: Anatomy Stabilizes the leg Contains an opening on the proximal region that allows for the passage of the anterior tibial vessels to the anterior compartment of the leg Posterior view of the leg, featuring the opening on the interosseous membrane and the passage of the anterior tibial artery Image by BioDigital , edited by Lecturio Related videos 4:35 Tibia 2:29 Fibula 2:20 Tibiofibular Joint Fascial Compartments The leg is divided into 4 fascial compartments by the interosseous membrane Interosseous Membrane A sheet of fibrous connective tissue rich in collagen often linking two parallel bony structures forming a syndesmosis type joint. It provides longitudinal stability, tensile strength, and weight distribution/transfer and may allow limited movement in syndesmoses. Forearm: Anatomy and the anterior, posterior, and transverse intermuscular septa as follows: Anterior compartment: Separated from the lateral compartment by the anterior intermuscular septum Separated from the deep posterior compartment by the interosseous membrane Interosseous Membrane A sheet of fibrous connective tissue rich in collagen often linking two parallel bony structures forming a syndesmosis type joint. It provides longitudinal stability, tensile strength, and weight distribution/transfer and may allow limited movement in syndesmoses. Forearm: Anatomy and the tibia Tibia The second longest bone of the skeleton. It is located on the medial side of the lower leg, articulating with the fibula laterally, the talus distally, and the femur proximally. Knee Joint: Anatomy Contains 4 muscles: Tibialis anterior Extensor hallucis longus Extensor digitorum Extensor digitorum Forearm: Anatomy longus Peroneus tertius Lateral compartment: Separated from the anterior compartment by the anterior intermuscular septum Separated from the superficial posterior compartment by the posterior intermuscular septum Contains 2 muscles: Peroneal brevis Peroneal longus Superficial posterior compartment: Separated from the deep posterior compartment by the transverse intermuscular septum Separated from the lateral compartment by the posterior intermuscular septum Contains 3 muscles: Soleus Gastrocnemius Plantaris Deep posterior compartment: Separated from the anterior compartment by the interosseous membrane Interosseous Membrane A sheet of fibrous connective tissue rich in collagen often linking two parallel bony structures forming a syndesmosis type joint. It provides longitudinal stability, tensile strength, and weight distribution/transfer and may allow limited movement in syndesmoses. Forearm: Anatomy and the tibia Tibia The second longest bone of the skeleton. It is located on the medial side of the lower leg, articulating with the fibula laterally, the talus distally, and the femur proximally. Knee Joint: Anatomy Separated from the superficial posterior compartment by the transverse intermuscular septum Contains 4 muscles: Popliteus Popliteus Popliteal Fossa: Anatomy Tibialis posterior Flexor digitorum longus Flexor hallucis longus Cross section of the leg, featuring the fascial compartments and the location of