削減の定義と意味 | Dictionary.com

REDUCTION Definition & Meaning | Dictionary.com Synonyms reduction American [ri- duhk -sh uh n] / rɪˈdʌk ʃən / noun the act of reducing or the state of being reduced. the amount by which something is reduced or diminished. a form produced by reducing a copy on a smaller scale. Cell Biology. meiosis, especially the first meiotic cell division in which the chromosome number is reduced by half. Chemistry. the process or result of reducing. Movies. the process of making a print of a narrower gauge from a print of a wider gauge. the reduction of 35-millimeter films to 16-millimeter films for the school market. a village or settlement of Indians in South America established and governed by Spanish Jesuit missionaries. reduction British / rɪˈdʌkʃən / noun the act or process or an instance of reducing the state or condition of being reduced the amount by which something is reduced a form of an original resulting from a reducing process, such as a copy on a smaller scale a simplified form, such as an orchestral score arranged for piano maths the process of converting a fraction into its decimal form the process of dividing out the common factors in the numerator and denominator of a fraction; cancellation "Collins English Dictionary — Complete & Unabridged" 2012 Digital Edition © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1979, 1986 © HarperCollins Publishers 1998, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2012 reduction Scientific / rĭ-dŭk ′ shən / The changing of a fraction into a simpler form, especially by dividing the numerator and denominator by a common factor. For example, the fraction 8/12 can be reduced to 4/6, which can be further reduced to 2/3, in each case by dividing both the numerator and denominator by 2. A chemical reaction in which an atom or ion gains electrons, thus undergoing a decrease in valence. If an iron atom having a valence of +3 gains an electron, the valence decreases to +2. Compare oxidation reduction Cultural Any chemical reaction in which the atoms in a material take on electrons . Usage Beginning students of chemistry are understandably puzzled by the term reduction : shouldn't a reduced atom or ion be one that loses electrons rather than gains them? The reason for the apparent contradiction comes from the early days of chemistry, where reduction and its counterpart, oxidation, were terms invented to describe reactions in which one substance lost an oxygen atom and the other substance gained it. In a reaction such as that between two molecules of hydrogen (2H 2 ) and one of oxygen (O 2 ) combining to produce two molecules of water (2H 2 O), the hydrogen atoms have gained oxygen atoms and were said to have become “oxidized,” while the oxygen atoms have (as it were) lost them by attaching themselves to the hydrogens, and were said to have become “reduced.” Importantly, though, in the process of gaining an oxygen atom, the hydrogen atoms have had to give up their electrons and share them with the oxygen atoms, while the oxygen atoms have gained electrons. Thus comes the apparent paradox that the “reduced” oxygen has in fact gained something, namely electrons. Today the terms oxidation and reduction are used of any reaction, not just one involving oxygen, where electrons are (respectively) lost or gained. Discover More Reduction is the opposite of oxidation . Other Word Forms antireduction adjective nonreduction noun nonreductional adjective overreduction noun proreduction adjective reductional adjective reductive adjective self-reduction noun Etymology Origin of reduction First recorded in 1475–85; earlier reduccion, from Middle French reduction, from Latin reductiōn- (stem of reductiō ) “a bringing back,” equivalent to reduct(us) (past participle of redūcere “to lead back” ) + -iōn- noun suffix; see reduce , -ion Explanation Reduction is the act of cutting back or making smaller, like the reduction of a school budget that makes it necessary to eliminate art and music programs. The process of reducing something is reduction, or making it smaller. You can talk about a reduction of sugar in someone's diet or a reduction of prices at your favorite shoe store. In math, reduction means bringing fractions to their lowest common denominators. And, in cooking, a reduction is a thick sauce that's made by boiling away most of the liquid, or reducing it to its concentrated essence. Keep Reading on Vocabulary.com Vocabulary lists containing reduction Lead the Way: Duc and Duct Looking to grow your vocabulary? Check out this interactive, curated word list from our team of English language specialists at Vocabulary.com – one of over 17,000 lists we've built to help learners worldwide! A Culinary Vocabulary Sampler Interested in learning more words like this one? Our team at Vocabulary.com has got you covered! You can review flashcards, quiz yourself, practice spelling, and more – and it's all completely free to use! Photosynthesis - High School Want to remember this word for good? Start your learning journey today with our library of interactive, themed word lists built by the experts at Vocabulary.com – we'll help you make the most of your study time! Example Sentences Examples are provided to illustrate real-world usage of words in context. Any opinions expressed do not reflect the views of Dictionary.com. The reduction in government subsidies and a 5% purchase tax hike on EVs are expected to slow market momentum, following a high base with demand pulled forward into 2024-2025. From The Wall Street Journal • May 6, 2026 The first thing I got wrong in November was the idea that markets had already been prepared for the reduction in user metric growth and the costs of accelerated investments. From Barron's • May 4, 2026 "So many of the other animals and the plants rely on the invertebrate communities, so they're going to be impacted hugely by that reduction in number," Fisher said. From BBC • May 2, 2026 He points to a reduction in crime for the county during his term and says he brought stability after a series of one-term sheriffs since 2014. From Los Angeles Times • May 1, 2026 Mingo advocated staying in Indiana, but with a severe reduction in those they sheltered: the runaways, the lost. From "The Underground Railroad: A Novel" by Colson Whitehead Related Words contraction cut cutback devaluation discount rebate Definitions and idiom definitions from Dictionary.com Unabridged, based on the Random House Unabridged Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2023 Idioms from The American Heritage® Idioms Dictionary copyright © 2002, 2001, 1995 by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company.